Absorbents a partir de fangs biològics excedents de depuradora mitjançant l’aplicació de microones: estudi d’obtenció, caracterització i aplicació en fase líquida.

The sewage sludge is produced by urban and industrial wastewater treatment plants. The treatment and disposal of sewage sludge is an expensive and environmentally sensitive problem growing world-wide. In recent years, sewage sludge is being generated in ever increasing amounts and meanwhile environmentally quality standards are becoming more stringent. Furthermore, with some traditional disposal routes coming under pressure and others being phased out, it is necessary to seek cost-effective and innovate solutions to the problem incurred by sewage sludge disposal. Sewage sludge is carbonaceous in nature and rich in organic materials. Hence it has the potential to be converted into a useful carbonaceous adsorbent material. This conversion could offer the combined benefits of reducing the volume of sewage sludge and producing a valuable adsorbent with lower cost than commercial activated carbons. At the moment, the high temperature treatments have been show the feasibility of the conversion of sewage sludge in an activated carbon. As alternative to these high temperature treatments, a novel way of carbonaceous adsorbent preparation was attempted combining microwaves heating and the addition of chemical compounds. The possibility of obtaining a carbonaceous adsorbent material from surplus biological sludge has been investigated. This present work analyze the treatment of the sewage sludge using microwave heating and the addition of a chemical reagent (H2SO4), and the applications of the sludge based microwave treated adsorbent to improving the quality of the wastewater. Operational parameters such as the amount of H2SO4 added, the level power of microwave oven and the processing time were modified to ascertain their influence on the quality of carbonaceous adsorbent obtained. Once determined the quality of the different carbonaceous adsorbent obtained, these adsorbents were employed for dye and metal removal in liquid phase. The results obtained were compared with the adsorption capacity of a sludge based activated carbon and a commercial activated carbon.